The temperature on March 8, 1878 was about 5.7 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. The air pressure was 37 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 21 » The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
May 25 » Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore opens at the Opera Comique in London.
June 4 » Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
Day of marriage November 19, 1897
The temperature on November 19, 1897 was about 3.2 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 100%. Source: KNMI
February 1 » Shinhan Bank, the oldest bank in South Korea, opens in Seoul.
February 28 » Queen Ranavalona III, the last monarch of Madagascar, is deposed by a French military force.
May 26 » Dracula, a Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker, is published.
June 16 » A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
August 2 » Anglo-Afghan War: The Siege of Malakand ends when a relief column is able to reach the British garrison in the Malakand states.
September 1 » The Tremont Street Subway in Boston opens, becoming the first underground rapid transit system in North America.
Day of death June 20, 1909
The temperature on June 20, 1909 was between 10.8 °C and 19.5 °C and averaged 15.2 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. There was 2.6 hours of sunshine (16%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
February 2 » The Paris Film Congress opens. An attempt by European producers to form an equivalent to the MPCC cartel in the United States.
March 23 » Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
March 31 » Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in the Bosnian Crisis.
April 6 » Robert Peary and Matthew Henson become the first people to reach the North Pole; Peary's claim has been disputed because of failings in his navigational ability.
August 24 » Workers start pouring concrete for the Panama Canal.
November 18 » Two United States warships are sent to Nicaragua after 500 revolutionaries (including two Americans) are executed by order of José Santos Zelaya.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Joop Klavers, "Family tree Klavers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_klavers/I24166.php : accessed January 20, 2026), "Roelofje Hartman (1878-1909)".
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