The temperature on June 12, 1752 was about 17.0 °C. There was 22 mm of rainWind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: regen geheel betrokken. Source: KNMI
February 29 » King Alaungpaya founds Konbaung Dynasty, the last dynasty of Burmese monarchy.
April 20 » Start of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in the Burmese Civil War (1740–57).
June 15 » Benjamin Franklin proves that lightning is electricity (traditional date, the exact date is unknown).
September 2 » Great Britain, along with its overseas possessions, adopts the Gregorian calendar.
September 14 » The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
Day of marriage May 12, 1782
The temperature on May 12, 1782 was about 13.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: noorderlicht. Source: KNMI
January 7 » The first American commercial bank, the Bank of North America, opens.
February 5 » Spanish defeat British forces and capture Menorca.
February 27 » American Revolutionary War: The House of Commons of Great Britain votes against further war in America.
April 9 » American Revolutionary War: Battle of the Saintes begins.
September 14 » American Revolutionary War: Review of the French troops under General Rochambeau by General George Washington at Verplanck's Point, New York.
December 14 » The Montgolfier brothers first test fly an unmanned hot air balloon in France; it floats nearly 2km (1.2mi).
Day of death November 20, 1813
The temperature on November 20, 1813 was about 7.0 °C. There was 4 mm of rainWind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken mist. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
June 6 » The Battle of Stoney Creek, considered a critical turning point in the War of 1812. A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeats an American force twice its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
July 23 » Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a de facto colony.
September 10 » The United States defeats a British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
September 11 » War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C..
October 5 » War of 1812: The Army of the Northwest defeats a British and Native Canadian force threatening Detroit.
October 16 » The Sixth Coalition attacks Napoleon in the three-day Battle of Leipzig.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Joop Klavers, "Family tree Klavers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_klavers/I2084.php : accessed February 23, 2026), "Maria Gertrud Cruse (1752-1813)".
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