The temperature on June 23, 1838 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
January 26 » Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States.
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
September 18 » The Anti-Corn Law League is established by Richard Cobden.
October 5 » The Killough massacre in east Texas sees eighteen Texian settlers either killed or kidnapped.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage October 10, 1863
The temperature on October 10, 1863 was about 10.3 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 26 » American Civil War: General Ambrose Burnside is relieved of command of the Army of the Potomac after the disastrous Fredericksburg campaign. He is replaced by Joseph Hooker.
February 17 » A group of citizens of Geneva founded an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the International Committee of the Red Cross.
April 17 » American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins: Troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
May 17 » Rosalía de Castro publishes Cantares Gallegos, the first book in the Galician language.
June 17 » American Civil War: Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign.
September 8 » American Civil War: In the Second Battle of Sabine Pass, a small Confederate force thwarts a Union invasion of Texas.
Day of death March 23, 1914
The temperature on March 23, 1914 was between 0.8 °C and 10.6 °C and averaged 5.7 °C. There was 8.2 hours of sunshine (67%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 8 » First flights (for the Royal Thai Air Force) at Don Mueang International Airport in Bangkok.
May 15 » During a poker game at the Gaiety Theatre in Galesburg, Illinois, comedian Art Fisher nicknames Chicko, Harpo, Groucho, and Gummo Marx.
May 30 » The new, and then the largest, Cunard ocean liner RMSAquitania, 45,647 tons, sets sails on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.
August 21 » World War I: The Battle of Charleroi, a successful German attack across the River Sambre that pre-empted a French offensive in the same area.
December 8 » World War I: A squadron of Britain's Royal Navy defeats the Imperial German East Asia Squadron in the Battle of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic.
December 16 » World War I: Admiral Franz von Hipper commands a raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Joop Klavers, "Family tree Klavers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_klavers/I1619.php : accessed March 6, 2026), "Vroukje Brommer (1838-1914)".
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