The temperature on October 18, 1812 was about 14.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south. Weather type: geheel betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 11 » Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry is accused of "gerrymandering" for the first time.
March 16 » The Siege of Badajoz begins: British and Portuguese forces besiege and defeat the French garrison during the Peninsular War.
May 2 » The Siege of Cuautla during the Mexican War of Independence ends with both sides claiming victory after Mexican rebels under José María Morelos y Pavón abandon the city after 72 days under siege by royalist Spanish troops under Félix María Calleja.
July 22 » Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War: Battle of Salamanca: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
September 18 » The 1812 Fire of Moscow dies down after destroying more than three-quarters of the city. Napoleon returns from the Petrovsky Palace to the Moscow Kremlin, spared from the fire.
November 14 » Napoleonic Wars: At the Battle of Smoliani, French Marshals Victor and Oudinot are defeated by the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein.
Day of marriage June 28, 1861
The temperature on June 28, 1861 was about 18.0 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 70%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
March 10 » El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.
May 6 » American Civil War: Arkansas secedes from the Union.
May 29 » The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce is founded, in Hong Kong.
August 6 » Britain imposes the Lagos Treaty of Cession to suppress slavery in what is now Nigeria.
November 20 » American Civil War: A secession ordinance is filed by Kentucky's Confederate government.
Day of death August 31, 1882
The temperature on August 31, 1882 was about 18.4 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
April 25 » French and Vietnamese troops clashed in Tonkin, when Commandant Henri Rivière seized the citadel of Hanoi with a small force of marine infantry.
July 11 » The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War.
July 26 » Premiere of Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal at Bayreuth.
July 26 » The Republic of Stellaland is founded in Southern Africa.
September 5 » Tottenham Hotspur, a Premier League football club from North London, is founded (as Hotspur F.C.).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J. Jacobs, "Family tree Jacobs", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_jacobs/I2814.php : accessed January 19, 2026), "Francis Slenders (1812-1882)".
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