The temperature on October 18, 1885 was about 10.0 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 21 » The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.
March 31 » The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate.
May 2 » Cree and Assiniboine warriors win the Battle of Cut Knife, their largest victory over Canadian forces during the North-West Rebellion.
September 22 » Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to the Irish Home Rule movement.
September 29 » The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.
November 17 » Serbo-Bulgarian War: The decisive Battle of Slivnitsa begins.
Day of marriage July 21, 1921
The temperature on July 21, 1921 was between 8.2 °C and 22.1 °C and averaged 16.3 °C. There was 9.9 hours of sunshine (62%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
February 25 » Georgian capital Tbilisi falls to the invading Russian forces after heavy fighting and the Russians declare the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
March 6 » Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese Section of the Communist International.
May 19 » The United States Congress passes the Emergency Quota Act establishing national quotas on immigration.
July 23 » The Communist Party of China (CPC) is established at the founding National Congress.
August 14 » Tannu Uriankhai, later Tuvan People's Republic is established as a completely independent country (which is supported by Soviet Russia).
December 22 » Opening of Visva-Bharati College, also known as Santiniketan College, now Visva Bharati University, India.
Day of death November 19, 1942
The temperature on November 19, 1942 was between 6.6 °C and 9.0 °C and averaged 7.8 °C. There was 1.0 mm of rain during 0.8 hours. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
February 1 » Voice of America, the official external radio and television service of the United States government, begins broadcasting with programs aimed at areas controlled by the Axis powers.
February 1 » World War II: U.S. Navy conducts Marshalls-Gilberts raids, the first offensive action by the United States against Japanese forces in the Pacific Theater.
May 7 » World War II: During the Battle of the Coral Sea, United States Navy aircraft carrier aircraft attack and sink the Imperial Japanese Navy light aircraft carrier Shōhō; the battle marks the first time in naval history that two enemy fleets fight without visual contact between warring ships.
June 11 » World War II: The United States agrees to send Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.
July 16 » Holocaust: Vel' d'Hiv Roundup (Rafle du Vel' d'Hiv): The government of Vichy France orders the mass arrest of 13,152 Jews who are held at the Vélodrome d'Hiver in Paris before deportation to Auschwitz.
September 12 » World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Frank Coster, "Family tree Coster", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_coster/I3089.php : accessed February 22, 2026), "Esther Spier (1885-1942)".
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