The temperature on March 14, 1846 was about 8.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 7 » The Cambridge Chronicle, America's oldest surviving weekly newspaper, is published for the first time in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
June 16 » The Papal conclave of 1846 elects Pope Pius IX, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy.
August 10 » The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the United States Congress after James Smithson donates $500,000.
September 19 » Two French shepherd children, Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud, experience a Marian apparition on a mountaintop near La Salette, France, now known as Our Lady of La Salette.
October 10 » Triton, the largest moon of the planet Neptune, is discovered by English astronomer William Lassell.
December 28 » Iowa is admitted as the 29th U.S. state.
Day of marriage October 23, 1891
The temperature on October 23, 1891 was about 13.5 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 21, 1888 to August 21, 1891 the cabinet Mackay, with Mr. A. baron Mackay (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 31 » History of Portugal: The first attempt at a Portuguese republican revolution breaks out in the northern city of Porto.
May 20 » History of cinema: The first public display of Thomas Edison's prototype kinetoscope.
August 16 » The Basilica of San Sebastian, Manila, the first all-steel church in Asia, is officially inaugurated and blessed.
August 24 » Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera.
October 28 » The Mino–Owari earthquake is the largest inland earthquake in Japan's history.
December 22 » Asteroid 323 Brucia becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography.
Day of death December 8, 1921
The temperature on December 8, 1921 was between 4.8 °C and 7.9 °C and averaged 6.5 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 8 » Spanish Prime Minister Eduardo Dato Iradier is assassinated while exiting the parliament building in Madrid.
April 11 » Emir Abdullah establishes the first centralised government in the newly created British protectorate of Transjordan.
June 12 » Mikhail Tukhachevsky orders the use of chemical weapons against the Tambov Rebellion, bringing an end to the peasant uprising.
July 11 » The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People's Republic.
July 27 » Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
August 23 » British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: H.L. Witmer, "Family tree Witmer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-witmer/I2156.php : accessed February 4, 2026), "Elisabeth Alida Witmer (1846-1921)".
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