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The temperature on January 17, 1812 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: omtrent betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 11 » Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry is accused of "gerrymandering" for the first time.
May 16 » Imperial Russia signs the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the Russo-Turkish War. The Ottoman Empire cedes Bessarabia to Russia.
June 4 » Following Louisiana's admittance as a U.S. state, the Louisiana Territory is renamed the Missouri Territory.
June 18 » The United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom is signed by President James Madison, beginning the War of 1812.
October 13 » War of 1812: Sir Isaac Brock's British and native forces repel an invasion of Canada by General Rensselaer's United States forces.
December 29 » USSConstitution, under the command of Captain William Bainbridge, captures HMSJava off the coast of Brazil after a three-hour battle.
Day of death December 12, 1885
The temperature on December 12, 1885 was about 1.2 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 17 » A British force defeats a large Dervish army at the Battle of Abu Klea in the Sudan.
February 23 » Sino-French War: French Army gains an important victory in the Battle of Đồng Đăng in the Tonkin region of Vietnam.
March 23 » Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near Hưng Hóa, northern Vietnam.
May 1 » The original Chicago Board of Trade Building opens for business.
July 1 » The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada.
September 2 » Rock Springs massacre: In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who are struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers killing 28, wounding 15 and forcing several hundred more out of town.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Wim Westphaal, "Family tree Wim Westphaal", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-wim-westphaal/I13928.php : accessed June 18, 2024), "Elisabeth Hamelink (1812-1885)".
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