The temperature on December 21, 1838 was about -3.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: betrokken mist. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
June 10 » Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
July 15 » Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
August 18 » The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads.
October 5 » The Killough massacre in east Texas sees eighteen Texian settlers either killed or kidnapped.
Day of marriage August 13, 1870
The temperature on August 13, 1870 was about 20.6 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 70%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 3 » The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
March 16 » The first version of the overture fantasy Romeo and Juliet by Tchaikovsky receives its première performance.
June 22 » The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
July 18 » The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
September 18 » Old Faithful Geyser is observed and named by Henry D. Washburn.
Day of death November 18, 1912
The temperature on November 18, 1912 was between 0.5 °C and 8.9 °C and averaged 5.8 °C. There was 1.7 mm of rain. There was 1.3 hours of sunshine (15%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
January 5 » The 6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Prague Party Conference) opens. In the course of the conference, Vladimir Lenin and his supporters break from the rest of the party to form the Bolshevik movement.
January 17 » British polar explorer Captain Robert Falcon Scott reaches the South Pole, one month after Roald Amundsen.
April 10 » RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton, England on her maiden and only voyage.
April 14 » The British passenger liner RMSTitanic hits an iceberg in the North Atlantic at 23:40 (sinks morning of April 15th).
May 13 » The Royal Flying Corps, the forerunner of the Royal Air Force, is established in the United Kingdom.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I207913.php : accessed October 24, 2026), "Jannes Arkema (1838-1912)".
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