The temperature on July 12, 1857 was about 19.6 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
May 10 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
May 11 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: Indian rebels seize Delhi from the British.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
September 11 » The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
Day of marriage April 30, 1883
The temperature on April 30, 1883 was about 16.2 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 35%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 16 » The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress.
January 19 » The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
May 30 » In New York City, a stampede on the recently opened Brooklyn Bridge killed twelve people.
August 21 » An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.
October 20 » Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific.
December 16 » Tonkin Campaign: French forces capture the Sơn Tây citadel.
Day of death March 5, 1902
The temperature on March 5, 1902 was between -1.1 °C and 11.4 °C and averaged 4.7 °C. There was 9.3 hours of sunshine (84%). Source: KNMI
January 1 » The first American college football bowl game, the Rose Bowl between Michigan and Stanford, is held in Pasadena, California.
February 27 » Second Boer War: Australian soldiers Harry "Breaker" Morant and Peter Handcock are executed in Pretoria after being convicted of war crimes.
April 18 » The 7.5 Mw Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing between 800–2,000.
May 17 » Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer.
October 24 » Guatemala's Santa María Volcano begins to erupt, becoming the third-largest eruption of the 20th century.
December 10 » The opening of the reservoir of the Aswan Dam in Egypt.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I192361.php : accessed January 7, 2026), "Zwaantje Smeding (1857-1902)".
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