February 29 » Abel Tasman's second Pacific voyage begins.
March 18 » The Third Anglo-Powhatan War begins in the Colony of Virginia.
May 27 » Manchu regent Dorgon defeats rebel leader Li Zicheng of the Shun dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass, allowing the Manchus to enter and conquer the capital city of Beijing.
June 5 » The Qing dynasty Manchu forces led by the Shunzhi Emperor take Beijing during the collapse of the Ming dynasty.
July 2 » English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
September 1 » Battle of Tippermuir: James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose defeats the Earl of Wemyss's Covenanters, reviving the Royalist cause.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Vries, "Vries/van der Lijn", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-vries/I5972.php : accessed February 28, 2026), "Martinus Gravius (????-1644)".
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