The temperature on June 30, 1812 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 7 » The strongest in a series of earthquakes strikes New Madrid, Missouri.
March 16 » The Siege of Badajoz begins: British and Portuguese forces besiege and defeat the French garrison during the Peninsular War.
April 6 » British forces under the command of the Duke of Wellington assault the fortress of Badajoz. This would be the turning point in the Peninsular War against Napoleon-led France.
October 24 » Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Maloyaroslavets takes place near Moscow.
November 18 » Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Krasnoi ends in French defeat, but Marshal of France Michel Ney's leadership leads to him becoming known as "the bravest of the brave".
November 26 » The Battle of Berezina begins during Napoleon's retreat from Russia.
Day of death March 14, 1879
There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 81%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
February 14 » The War of the Pacific breaks out when the Chilean Army occupies the Bolivian port city of Antofagasta.
March 29 » Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula: British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus.
April 5 » Chile declares war on Bolivia and Peru, starting the War of the Pacific.
May 31 » Gilmore's Garden in New York City is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
September 3 » Siege of the British Residency in Kabul: British envoy Sir Louis Cavagnari and 72 men of the Guides are massacred by Afghan troops while defending the British Residency in Kabul. Their heroism and loyalty became famous and revered throughout the British Empire.
December 21 » World premiere of Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Guus Roijen, "Family tree van Frances Vraets en Guus Roijen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-vraets-roijen/I5588.php : accessed June 7, 2024), "Jean Mathias Mengelers (1812-1879)".
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