The temperature on May 13, 1861 was about 12.5 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 88%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 19 » The First Taranaki War ends in New Zealand.
April 6 » First performance of Arthur Sullivan's debut success, his suite of incidental music for The Tempest, leading to a career that included the famous Gilbert and Sullivan operas.
May 13 » Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.
May 20 » American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state. Meanwhile, the State of North Carolina secedes from the Union.
December 21 » Medal of Honor: Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valor, is signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln.
December 26 » American Civil War: The Trent Affair: Confederate diplomatic envoys James Murray Mason and John Slidell are freed by the United States government, thus heading off a possible war between the United States and the United Kingdom.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Dirk van Vreeswijk, "Family tree of Vreeswijk", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-vreeswijk/I457.php : accessed January 24, 2026), "Adam de Gelder (1861-????)".
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