The temperature on April 17, 1837 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 3 » The University of Athens is founded in Athens, Greece.
July 1 » A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales.
July 4 » Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
September 18 » Tiffany & Co. (first named Tiffany & Young) is founded by Charles Lewis Tiffany and Teddy Young in New York City. The store is called a "stationery and fancy goods emporium".
November 22 » Canadian journalist and politician William Lyon Mackenzie calls for a rebellion against the United Kingdom in his essay "To the People of Upper Canada", published in his newspaper The Constitution.
December 7 » The Battle of Montgomery's Tavern, the only battle of the Upper Canada Rebellion, takes place in Toronto, where the rebels are quickly defeated.
Day of marriage February 23, 1867
The temperature on February 23, 1867 was about 8.8 °C. The air pressure was 13 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 74%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
February 28 » Seventy years of Holy See–United States relations are ended by a Congressional ban on federal funding of diplomatic envoys to the Vatican and are not restored until January 10, 1984.
March 30 » Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2-cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
June 19 » Maximilian I of the Second Mexican Empire is executed by a firing squad in Querétaro, Querétaro.
August 28 » The United States takes possession of the (at this point unoccupied) Midway Atoll.
October 18 » United States takes possession of Alaska after purchasing it from Russia for $7.2million. Celebrated annually in the state as Alaska Day.
December 13 » A Fenian bomb explodes in Clerkenwell, London, killing six.
Day of death March 21, 1908
The temperature on March 21, 1908 was between -1.7 °C and 7.8 °C and averaged 4.1 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. There was 0.9 hours of sunshine (7%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
January 15 » The Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority becomes the first Greek-letter organization founded and established by African American college women.
January 28 » Members of the Portuguese Republican Party fail in their attempted coup d'état against the administrative dictatorship of Prime Minister João Franco.
February 1 » Lisbon Regicide: King Carlos I of Portugal and Infante Luis Filipe are shot dead in Lisbon.
June 18 » Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship Kasato-Maru.
August 8 » Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It is the Wright Brothers' first public flight.
October 14 » The Chicago Cubs defeat the Detroit Tigers, 2–0, clinching the 1908 World Series; this would be their last until winning the 2016 World Series.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ronald van 't Hoff, "Family tree Van 't Hoff - Zondag - Bosch - de Zwaan - vd Kolk - Westhuis - Plomp", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-t-hoff/I29005.php : accessed February 4, 2026), "Jan Koops (1837-1908)".
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