Family tree Van Rijn » Petronella Koppers (1824-1900)

Day of marriage November 4, 1857

• The temperature on November 4, 1857 was about 11.5 °C. The atmospheric humidity was 100%. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1857: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
  • March 29 » Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
  • May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
  • May 26 » Dred Scott is emancipated by the Blow family, his original owners.
  • July 27 » Indian Rebellion: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
  • December 31 » Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, then a small logging town, as the capital of the Province of Canada.

Day of death March 31, 1900

• The temperature on March 31, 1900 was about 3.3 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1897 to August 1, 1901 the cabinet Pierson, with Mr. N.G. Pierson (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1900: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.1 million citizens.
  • February 18 » Second Boer War: Imperial forces suffer their worst single-day loss of life on Bloody Sunday, the first day of the Battle of Paardeberg.
  • April 2 » The United States Congress passes the Foraker Act, giving Puerto Rico limited self-rule.
  • May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
  • May 18 » The United Kingdom proclaims a protectorate over Tonga.
  • May 26 » Thousand Days' War: The Colombian Conservative Party turns the tide of war in their favor with victory against the Colombian Liberal Party in the Battle of Palonegro.
  • July 27 » Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, "Hun" would be a disparaging name for Germans.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1885 » Franz Abt, German composer and conductor (b. 1819)
• 1907 » Galusha A. Grow, American lawyer and politician, 28th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1823)
• 1910 » Jean Moréas, Greek poet, essayist and art critic (b. 1856)
• 1913 » J. P. Morgan, American banker and financier (b. 1837)
• 1915 » Wyndham Halswelle, English-Scottish runner and captain (b. 1882)
• 1917 » Emil von Behring, German physiologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1854)