The temperature on April 21, 1843 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 6 » The first minstrel show in the United States, The Virginia Minstrels, opens (Bowery Amphitheatre in New York City).
February 25 » Lord George Paulet occupies the Kingdom of Hawaii in the name of Great Britain in the Paulet Affair (1843).
June 26 » Treaty of Nanking comes into effect, Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British "in perpetuity".
October 1 » The News of the World tabloid begins publication in London, UK.
October 16 » William Rowan Hamilton invents quaternions, a three-dimensional system of complex numbers.
December 16 » The discovery of octonions by John T. Graves, who denoted them with a boldface O, was announced to his mathematician friend William Hamilton, discoverer of quaternions, in a letter on this date.
Day of marriage May 13, 1864
The temperature on May 13, 1864 was about 22.3 °C. The air pressure was 1.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 33%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 20 » American Civil War: Battle of Ware Bottom Church: In the Virginia Bermuda Hundred campaign, 10,000 troops fight in this Confederate victory.
May 29 » Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico arrives in Mexico for the first time.
August 23 » American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas.
September 7 » American Civil War: Atlanta is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
September 18 » American Civil War: John Bell Hood begins the Franklin–Nashville Campaign in an unsuccessful attempt to draw William Tecumseh Sherman back out of Georgia.
November 15 » American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins Sherman's March to the Sea.
Day of death May 11, 1909
The temperature on May 11, 1909 was between 5.7 °C and 13.1 °C and averaged 8.8 °C. There was 2.8 hours of sunshine (18%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
January 23 » RMSRepublic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day.
March 4 » U.S. President William Taft used what became known as a Saxbe fix, a mechanism to avoid the restriction of the U.S. Constitution's Ineligibility Clause, to appoint Philander C. Knox as U.S. Secretary of State.
March 10 » By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.
March 23 » Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
April 9 » The U.S. Congress passes the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act.
August 28 » A group of mid-level Greek Army officers launches the Goudi coup, seeking wide-ranging reforms.
Check the information Open Archives has about Bergsma.
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The Family tree Van Melzen-Van Melsen publication was prepared by A.van Melzen (contact is not possible).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: A.van Melzen, "Family tree Van Melzen-Van Melsen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-melzen-van-melsen/I95105.php : accessed June 18, 2024), "Martje Jacobs Bergsma (1843-1909)".
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