Family tree Van Leeuwen » Antonia van Leeuwen (1816-1901)

Day of marriage May 31, 1856

• The temperature on May 31, 1856 was about 7.0 °C. There was 13 mm of rain. The air pressure was 9.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east-northeast. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1856: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 26 » First Battle of Seattle. Marines from the USSDecatur drive off American Indian attackers after all day battle with settlers.
  • January 29 » Queen Victoria issues a Warrant under the Royal sign-manual that establishes the Victoria Cross to recognise acts of valour by British military personnel during the Crimean War.
  • March 30 » The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
  • June 8 » A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMSBounty, arrives at Norfolk Island, commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
  • June 9 » Five hundred Mormons leave Iowa City, Iowa for the Mormon Trail.
  • November 27 » The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.

Day of death January 1, 1901

• The temperature on January 1, 1901 was between -6.8 °C and -2.2 °C and averaged -4.9 °C. There was 2.8 hours of sunshine (36%). Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1897 to August 1, 1901 the cabinet Pierson, with Mr. N.G. Pierson (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
• In The Netherlands , there was from August 1, 1901 to August 16, 1905 the cabinet Kuijper, with Dr. A. Kuijper (AR) as prime minister.
• In the year 1901: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.2 million citizens.
  • January 1 » Nigeria becomes a British protectorate.
  • February 15 » The association football club Alianza Lima is founded in Lima, Peru, under the name Sport Alianza.
  • March 2 » The U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment limiting the autonomy of Cuba, as a condition of the withdrawal of American troops.
  • March 2 » United States Steel Corporation is founded as a result of a merger between Carnegie Steel Company and Federal Steel Company which became the first corporation in the world with a market capital over $1 billion.
  • April 25 » New York becomes the first U.S. state to require automobile license plates.
  • November 8 » Gospel riots: Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1881 » Louis Auguste Blanqui, French activist (b. 1805)
• 1892 » Roswell B. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 25th Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
• 1894 » Heinrich Hertz, German physicist and academic (b. 1857)
• 1896 » Alfred Ely Beach, American publisher and lawyer, created the Beach Pneumatic Transit (b. 1826)
• 1906 » Hugh Nelson, Scottish-Australian farmer and politician, 11th Premier of Queensland (b. 1833)
• 1918 » William Wilfred Campbell, Canadian poet and author (b. 1858)