June 16 » War of the Austrian Succession: New England colonial troops under the command of William Pepperrell capture the Fortress of Louisbourg in Louisbourg, New France (Old Style date).
June 28 » A New England colonial army captures the French fortifications at Louisbourg (New Style).
July 9 » French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after.
August 19 » Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan: The start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45".
September 21 » A Hanoverian army is defeated, in ten minutes, by the Jacobite forces of Prince Charles Edward Stuart
December 6 » Charles Edward Stuart's army begins retreat during the second Jacobite Rising.
Day of marriage April 30, 1775
The temperature on April 30, 1775 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: helder. Special wheather fenomena: veel dauw. Source: KNMI
May 10 » American Revolutionary War: The Second Continental Congress takes place in Philadelphia.
June 11 » The American Revolutionary War's first naval engagement, the Battle of Machias, results in the capture of a small British naval vessel.
June 12 » American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
June 17 » American Revolutionary War: Colonists inflict heavy casualties on British forces while losing the Battle of Bunker Hill.
July 26 » The office that would later become the United States Post Office Department is established by the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania takes office as Postmaster General.
October 18 » African-American poet Phillis Wheatley is freed from slavery.
Day of death January 17, 1787
The temperature on January 17, 1787 was about -2 °C. Wind direction mainly south. Weather type: betrokken mist. Source: KNMI
January 11 » William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.
May 25 » After a delay of 11 days, the United States Constitutional Convention formally convenes in Philadelphia after a quorum of seven states is secured.
July 13 » The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
August 6 » Sixty proof sheets of the Constitution of the United States are delivered to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
September 28 » The Congress of the Confederation votes to send the newly-written United States Constitution to the state legislatures for approval.
October 29 » Mozart's opera Don Giovanni receives its first performance in Prague.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Marjo van Leeuwen, "Family tree Van Leeuwen-Van der Speck en vele anderen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-leeuwen-van-der-speck/R7693.php : accessed May 9, 2025), "Willem van der Spek (1745-1787)".
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