The temperature on October 15, 1851 was about 14.6 °C. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 1 » Queen Victoria opens The Great Exhibition at The Crystal Palace in London.
July 29 » Annibale de Gasparis discovers asteroid 15 Eunomia.
September 15 » Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia.
December 8 » Conservative Santiago-based government troops defeat rebels at the Battle of Loncomilla, signaling the end of the 1851 Chilean Revolution.
December 24 » The Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., burns.
December 29 » The first American YMCA opens in Boston, Massachusetts.
Day of marriage December 24, 1873
The temperature on December 24, 1873 was about 7.3 °C. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
February 18 » Bulgarian revolutionary leader Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities.
March 1 » E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
May 20 » Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
May 23 » The Canadian Parliament establishes the North-West Mounted Police, the forerunner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
July 21 » At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West.
August 23 » Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.
Day of death December 13, 1879
The temperature on December 13, 1879 was about -3.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 29 » Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula: British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus.
May 2 » The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is founded in Madrid by Pablo Iglesias.
June 1 » Napoléon Eugène, the last dynastic Bonaparte, is killed in the Anglo-Zulu War.
July 1 » Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower.
October 21 » Thomas Edison applies for a patent for his design for an incandescent light bulb.
October 22 » Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests the first practical electric incandescent light bulb (it lasts 13⁄2 hours before burning out).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Marjo van Leeuwen, "Family tree Van Leeuwen-Van der Speck en vele anderen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-leeuwen-van-der-speck/R4639.php : accessed May 8, 2025), "Elizabeth Maria Koster (1851-1879)".
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