The temperature on February 27, 1848 was about 10.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 24 » California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill near Sacramento.
February 21 » Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish The Communist Manifesto.
February 22 » The French Revolution of 1848, which would lead to the establishment of the French Second Republic, begins.
May 29 » Wisconsin is admitted as the 30th U.S. state.
July 3 » Governor-General Peter von Scholten emancipates all remaining slaves in the Danish West Indies.
July 19 » Women's rights: A two-day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
Day of marriage December 22, 1869
The temperature on December 22, 1869 was about 3.2 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
May 26 » Boston University is chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
July 10 » Gävle, Sweden, is largely destroyed in a fire; 80% of its 10,000 residents are left homeless.
August 2 » Japan's Edo society class system is abolished as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms.
October 5 » The Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy region in Canada.
October 16 » The Cardiff Giant, one of the most famous American hoaxes, is "discovered".
November 6 » In New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers College defeats Princeton University (then known as the College of New Jersey), 6–4, in the first official intercollegiate American football game.
Day of death April 28, 1910
The temperature on April 28, 1910 was between 1.1 °C and 12.7 °C and averaged 8.3 °C. There was 0.8 mm of rain. There was 1.0 hours of sunshine (7%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
April 29 » The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the People's Budget, the first budget in British history with the expressed intent of redistributing wealth among the British public.
May 31 » The South Africa Act comes into force, establishing the Union of South Africa.
June 17 » Aurel Vlaicu pilots an A. Vlaicu nr. 1 on its first flight.
June 25 » Igor Stravinsky's ballet The Firebird is premiered in Paris, bringing him to prominence as a composer.
December 3 » Modern neon lighting is first demonstrated by Georges Claude at the Paris Motor Show.
December 21 » An underground explosion at the Hulton Bank Colliery No. 3 Pit in Over Hulton, Westhoughton, England, kills 344 miners.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Wim van Giessen, "Family tree Van Giessen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-giessen/I4079.php : accessed February 25, 2026), "Elsje Kalff (1848-1910)".
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