The temperature on June 18, 1775 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: wat dauw. Source: KNMI
April 19 » American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.
July 8 » The Olive Branch Petition is signed by the Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies of North America.
October 18 » African-American poet Phillis Wheatley is freed from slavery.
November 7 » John Murray, the Royal Governor of the Colony of Virginia, starts the first mass emancipation of slaves in North America by issuing Lord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation, which offers freedom to slaves who abandoned their colonial masters to fight with Murray and the British.
November 13 » American Revolutionary War: Patriot revolutionary forces under Gen. Richard Montgomery occupy Montreal.
December 3 » USSAlfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones.
Day of marriage April 7, 1810
The temperature on April 7, 1810 was about 8.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
This page is only available in Dutch.
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 4 » Napoleonic Wars: Britain seizes Guadeloupe.
July 20 » Citizens of Bogotá, New Granada declare independence from Spain.
August 9 » Napoleon annexes Westphalia as part of the First French Empire.
September 18 » First Government Junta in Chile. Though supposed to rule only during the Peninsular War in Spain, it is in fact the first step towards independence from Spain, and is commemorated as such.
October 27 » United States annexes the former Spanish colony of West Florida.
November 23 » Sarah Booth debuts at the Royal Opera House.
Day of death May 12, 1863
The temperature on May 12, 1863 was about 10.5 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 10 » The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground.
May 6 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville ends with the defeat of the Army of the Potomac by the Army of Northern Virginia.
May 22 » American Civil War: Union forces begin the Siege of Port Hudson which lasts 48 days, the longest siege in U.S. military history.
July 18 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner: One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
July 19 » American Civil War: Morgan's Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charl van der Walt, "Stamboom Van der Walt / Du Toit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-der-walt-du-toit/I2046.php : accessed June 5, 2024), "Martha Elisabeth Retief (1775-1863)".
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