The temperature on February 3, 1848 was about 4.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 12 » The Palermo rising takes place in Sicily against the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
March 4 » Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d'Italia.
June 2 » The Slavic congress in Prague begins.
August 14 » Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.
December 2 » Franz Joseph I becomes Emperor of Austria.
December 5 » California Gold Rush: In a message to the United States Congress, U.S. President James K. Polk confirms that large amounts of gold had been discovered in California.
Day of marriage August 21, 1889
The temperature on August 21, 1889 was about 14.9 °C. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
February 22 » President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
March 23 » The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, British India.
March 31 » The Eiffel Tower is officially opened.
June 26 » Bangui is founded by Albert Dolisie and Alfred Uzac in what was then the upper reaches of the French Congo.
November 11 » The State of Washington is admitted as the 42nd state of the United States.
November 23 » The first jukebox goes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.
Day of death January 9, 1926
The temperature on January 9, 1926 was between 0.8 °C and 5.0 °C and averaged 2.6 °C. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
April 24 » The Treaty of Berlin is signed. Germany and the Soviet Union each pledge neutrality in the event of an attack on the other by a third party for the next five years.
June 14 » Brazil leaves the League of Nations.
July 23 » Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
August 5 » Harry Houdini performs his greatest feat, spending 91 minutes underwater in a sealed tank before escaping.
September 8 » Germany is admitted to the League of Nations.
October 31 » Last issue of the independent Italian newspaper Il Mondo, thereafter suppressed by the Mussolini regime
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: L. van de Graaf, "Family tree Van de Graaf - Zindel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-de-graaf-zindel/I4384.php : accessed August 8, 2025), "Francis van de Graaf (1848-1926)".
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