The temperature on November 12, 1859 was about -1.3 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 80%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
June 15 » Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the "Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between American and British/Canadian settlers.
June 24 » Battle of Solferino (Battle of the Three Sovereigns): Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy.
June 30 » French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
August 16 » The Grand Duchy of Tuscany formally deposes the exiled House of Lorraine.
September 17 » Joshua A. Norton declares himself "Norton I, Emperor of the United States."
October 16 » John Brown leads a raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
Day of marriage July 14, 1886
The temperature on July 14, 1886 was about 16.3 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
May 4 » Haymarket affair: A bomb is thrown at policemen trying to break up a labor rally in Chicago, United States, killing eight and wounding 60. The police fire into the crowd.
June 10 » Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17km long fissure across the mountain peak.
June 26 » Henri Moissan isolated elemental Fluorine for the first time.
September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
October 28 » President Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death February 7, 1942
The temperature on February 7, 1942 was between -13.3 °C and -7.1 °C and averaged -10.3 °C. There was 3.7 hours of sunshine (39%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
May 12 » World War II: The U.S. tanker SS Virginia is torpedoed in the mouth of the Mississippi River by the German submarineU-507.
June 7 » World War II: Aleutian Islands Campaign: Imperial Japanese soldiers begin occupying the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
June 22 » The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress.
July 25 » The Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the German occupation.
November 26 » World War II: Yugoslav Partisans convene the first meeting of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia at Bihać in northwestern Bosnia.
December 6 » World War II in villages Stary Ciepielów and Rekówka German Genarmerie massacred 31 Poles for helping the Jews. Also, two Jewish refugees were murdered.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: L. van de Graaf, "Family tree Van de Graaf - Zindel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-de-graaf-zindel/I3056.php : accessed May 14, 2024), "Leendert Gerardus Tupker (1859-1942)".
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