Family tree Stoffels en Struik » Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov (1868-1918)

Personal data Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov 


Household of Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov

He is married to Alexandra Fedorovna von Hessen und bei Rhein.

They got married on November 26, 1894 at Winter Palace, St. Petersburg (Rus), he was 26 years old.


Child(ren):



Notes about Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov

Persoonlijke gegevens Nicholas Alexandrovich (Nicholas Alexandrovich) ROMANOV II Tsar Of Russia
Roepnaam Nicholas Alexandrovich.
Hij is geboren op 18 mei 1868 in Tsarskoye Selo, Pushkin, Russia.
Hij is overleden op 16 juli 1918 in Ekaterinburg, Russia, hij was toen 50 jaar oud.

Nicolaas II of Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov [d] (18 mei [OS 6 mei] 1868 - 17 juli 1918), in de Russisch-orthodoxe kerk bekend als Sint Nicolaas de Passiedrager, [e] was de laatste keizer van heel Rusland, regerend van 1 november 1894 tot zijn troonsafstand op 15 maart 1917. Tijdens zijn bewind voerde Rusland een reeks hervormingen door, waaronder de introductie van burgerlijke vrijheden, alfabetiseringsprogramma's, staatsvertegenwoordiging en initiatieven om de infrastructuur van het rijk te moderniseren. [1] [2 ] [3] [4] Uiteindelijk werd deze vooruitgang ondermijnd door Nicholas 'toewijding aan autocratisch bestuur [5] [6] en door de nederlagen die het Russische leger opliep in de Russisch-Japanse oorlog [7] en de Eerste Wereldoorlog [8] [9]. In maart 1917 was de publieke steun voor Nicholas ingestort en werd hij gedwongen afstand te doen van de troon, waarmee een einde kwam aan de 300-jarige heerschappij van de Romanov-dynastie over Rusland.

Groothertog Nicholas werd geboren op 18 mei [O.S. 6 mei] 1868, in het Alexanderpaleis in Tsarskoje Selo ten zuiden van Sint-Petersburg, tijdens het bewind van zijn grootvader, keizer Alexander II. Hij was het oudste kind van de toenmalige Tsesarevich Alexander Alexandrovich en zijn vrouw, Tsesarevna Maria Feodorovna (née Princess Dagmar van Denemarken). De vader van groothertog Nicholas was troonopvolger van de Russische troon als de tweede maar oudste overlevende zoon van keizer Alexander II van Rusland. Hij had vijf jongere broers en zussen: Alexander (1869–1870), George (1871–1899), Xenia (1875–1960), Michael (1878–1918) en Olga (1882–1960). Nicholas verwees vaak nostalgisch naar zijn vader in brieven na de dood van Alexander in 1894. Hij was ook heel dicht bij zijn moeder, zoals blijkt uit hun gepubliceerde brieven aan elkaar.

Als keizer steunde Nicolaas de economische en politieke hervormingen die werden gepromoot door zijn premiers, Sergei Witte en Pyotr Stolypin, maar sterke aristocratische oppositie belette hen volledig effectief te zijn. Hij steunde modernisering op basis van buitenlandse leningen en nauwe banden met Frankrijk, maar verzette zich tegen het geven van een belangrijke rol aan het nieuwe parlement (de Doema). Hij werd bekritiseerd vanwege zijn vermeende fout in de Khodynka-tragedie, antisemitische pogroms, Bloody Sunday, de gewelddadige onderdrukking van de Russische revolutie van 1905, de onderdrukking van politieke tegenstanders en zijn vermeende verantwoordelijkheid voor de nederlaag in de Russisch-Japanse oorlog, die de Russische Baltische Vloot die werd vernietigd tijdens de Slag om Tsushima, samen met het verlies van de Russische invloed op Mantsjoerije en Korea, en de Japanse annexatie van het zuiden van het eiland Sakhalin.

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Ancestors (and descendant) of Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov


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    Historical events

    Birthday May 18, 1868

    • The temperature on May 18, 1868 was about 23.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 47%. Source: KNMI
    • Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
    • From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
    • From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
    • In the year 1868: Source: Wikipedia
      • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
      • April 11 » Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
      • August 13 » The 8.5–9.0 Mw  Arica earthquake struck southern Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing 25,000+ deaths and a destructive basin wide tsunami that affected Hawaii and New Zealand.
      • September 23 » Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
      • November 2 » Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
      • December 10 » The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
      • December 25 » Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans.

    Day of marriage November 26, 1894

    • The temperature on November 26, 1894 was about -0.3 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
    • Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
    • Regentes Emma (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1898 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
    • In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
    • In The Netherlands , there was from May 9, 1894 to July 27, 1897 the cabinet Roëll, with Jonkheer mr. J. Roëll (oud-liberaal) as prime minister.
    • In the year 1894: Source: Wikipedia
      • The Netherlands had about 5.1 million citizens.
      • January 7 » Thomas Edison makes a kinetoscopic film of someone sneezing. On the same day, his employee, William Kennedy Dickson, receives a patent for motion picture film.
      • May 1 » Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, arrives in Washington, D.C.
      • June 24 » Marie François Sadi Carnot is assassinated by Sante Geronimo Caserio.
      • June 28 » Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
      • September 17 » Battle of the Yalu River, the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War.
      • December 22 » The Dreyfus affair begins in France, when Alfred Dreyfus is wrongly convicted of treason.

    Day of death July 16, 1918

    • The temperature on July 16, 1918 was between 15.5 °C and 27.1 °C and averaged 20.4 °C. There was 25.9 mm of rain. There was 6.0 hours of sunshine (37%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
    • Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
    • In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
    • In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
    • In the year 1918: Source: Wikipedia
      • The Netherlands had about 6.6 million citizens.
      • January 27 » Beginning of the Finnish Civil War.
      • January 31 » A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.
      • February 24 » Estonian Declaration of Independence.
      • August 13 » Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) established as a public company in Germany.
      • October 10 » RMS Leinster is torpedoed and sunk by UB-123, killing 564, the worst-ever on the Irish Sea.
      • October 31 » World War I: The Aster Revolution terminates the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, and Hungary achieves full sovereignty.
    

    Same birth/death day

    Source: Wikipedia

    Source: Wikipedia


    About the surname Romanov

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    The Family tree Stoffels en Struik publication was prepared by .contact the author
    When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin:
    Jan Stoffels, "Family tree Stoffels en Struik", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-stoffels-en-struik/I15490.php : accessed May 31, 2024), "Nicholas Alexandrovich II Romanov (1868-1918)".