The temperature on July 7, 1831 was about 25.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northeast. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
April 7 » Emperor Pedro I of Brazil resigns. He goes to his native Portugal to become King Pedro IV.
July 4 » Samuel Francis Smith writes "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" for the Boston, Massachusetts July 4 festivities.
August 21 » Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, which will claim the lives of 55 to 65 whites and about twice that number of blacks.
September 8 » November uprising: The Battle of Warsaw effectively ends the Polish insurrection.
November 5 » Nat Turner, American slave leader, is tried, convicted, and sentenced to death in Virginia.
December 31 » Gramercy Park is deeded to New York City.
Day of marriage October 28, 1865
The temperature on October 28, 1865 was about 7.4 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 8 » Delaware refuses to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Slavery was outlawed in the United States, including Delaware, when the Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states on December 6, 1865. Delaware ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on February 12, 1901, which was the ninety-second anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln.
March 2 » East Cape War: The Völkner Incident in New Zealand.
April 13 » American Civil War: Raleigh, North Carolina is occupied by Union Forces.
May 13 » American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch: In far south Texas, the last land battle of the Civil War ends with a Confederate victory.
December 2 » Alabama ratifies 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, followed by North Carolina then Georgia, and U.S. slaves were legally free within two weeks
December 6 » Georgia ratifies 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Day of death February 3, 1907
The temperature on February 3, 1907 was between -7.3 °C and -0.3 °C and averaged -2.7 °C. There was 0.8 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
July 21 » The passenger steamer SS Columbia sinks after colliding with the steam schooner San Pedro off Shelter Cove, California, killing 88 people.
August 31 » Russia and the United Kingdom sign the Anglo-Russian Convention, by which the UK recognizes Russian preeminence in northern Persia, while Russia recognizes British preeminence in southeastern Persia and Afghanistan. Both powers pledge not to interfere in Tibet.
October 22 » A run on the stock of the Knickerbocker Trust Company sets events in motion that will spark the Panic of 1907.
December 8 » King Gustaf V of Sweden accedes to the Swedish throne.
December 17 » Ugyen Wangchuck is crowned first King of Bhutan.
December 21 » The Chilean Army commits a massacre of at least 2,000 striking saltpeter miners in Iquique, Chile.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Piet op den Camp, "Family tree Stein, Elsloo, Catsop, Urmond, Berg aan de Maas en meer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-stein-en-omgeving/I15833.php : accessed September 25, 2024), "Gerardus Penders (1831-1907)".
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