The temperature on July 5, 1843 was about 21.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 11 » Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi alla prima crociata receives its first performance in Milan, Italy.
August 15 » The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu, Hawaii is dedicated. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
September 3 » King Otto of Greece is forced to grant a constitution following an uprising in Athens.
October 13 » In New York City, B'nai B'rith, the oldest Jewish service organization in the world, is founded.
November 28 » Ka Lā Hui (Hawaiian Independence Day): The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
December 16 » The discovery of octonions by John T. Graves, who denoted them with a boldface O, was announced to his mathematician friend William Hamilton, discoverer of quaternions, in a letter on this date.
Day of marriage March 11, 1870
The temperature on March 11, 1870 was about 3.6 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 18 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 26 » Reconstruction Era: Virginia rejoins the Union.
February 9 » US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
July 19 » Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
August 6 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Wörth results in a decisive Prussian victory.
August 24 » The Wolseley expedition reaches Manitoba to end the Red River Rebellion.
December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.
Day of death September 4, 1924
The temperature on September 4, 1924 was between 12.4 °C and 17.1 °C and averaged 14.5 °C. There was -0.1 hours of sunshine (0%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 19, 1922 to August 4, 1925 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck II, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 16 » In accordance with the Treaty of Rome, Fiume becomes annexed as part of Italy.
April 1 » The Royal Canadian Air Force is formed.
June 26 » The American occupation of the Dominican Republic ends after eight years.
September 9 » Hanapepe massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.
December 1 » The National Hockey League's first United States-based franchise, the Boston Bruins, played their first game in league play at home, at the still-extant Boston Arena indoor hockey facility.
December 20 » Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Marion Spek, "Family tree Spek", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-spek/R508.php : accessed January 28, 2026), "Adrianus Spek (1843-1924)".
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