January 11 » The first American life insurance company, the Corporation for Relief of Poor and Distressed Presbyterian Ministers and of the Poor and Distressed Widows and Children of the Presbyterian Ministers (now part of Unum Group), is incorporated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
May 1 » Josiah Wedgwood founds the Wedgwood pottery company in Great Britain.
July 25 » French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
August 19 » Battle of Lagos Naval battle during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France.
September 13 » Battle of the Plains of Abraham: the British defeat the French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
September 18 » French and Indian War: The Articles of Capitulation of Quebec are signed.
Day of marriage June 8, 1783
The temperature on June 8, 1783 was about 14.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northeast. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
January 20 » The Kingdom of Great Britain signed preliminary articles of peace with France, setting the stage to the official end of hostilities in the American Revolutionary War later that year.
May 18 » First United Empire Loyalists reach Parrtown (later called Saint John, New Brunswick), Canada, after leaving the United States.
June 22 » A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France.
August 18 » A huge fireball meteor is seen across Great Britain as it passes over the east coast.
November 3 » The American Continental Army is disbanded.
November 21 » In Paris, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes, make the first untethered hot air balloon flight.
Day of death September 22, 1803
The temperature on September 22, 1803 was about 11.0 °C. There was 26 mm of rainWind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
April 26 » Thousands of meteor fragments fall from the skies of L'Aigle, France; the event convinces European scientists that meteors exist.
July 5 » The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
July 26 » The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London, United Kingdom.
September 23 » Second Anglo-Maratha War: The Battle of Assaye is fought between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.
November 30 » In New Orleans, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to a French representative. Just 20 days later, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase.
December 20 » The Louisiana Purchase is completed at a ceremony in New Orleans.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Johan Smits, "Family tree Smits", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smits/R97.php : accessed January 30, 2026), "Bertha Pieterse den Hardere (1759-1803)".
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