The temperature on April 23, 1877 was about 4.4 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 8 » Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.
February 20 » Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
May 9 » Mihail Kogălniceanu reads, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Declaration of Independence of Romania. This day became the Independence Day of Romania.
June 17 » American Indian Wars: Battle of White Bird Canyon: The Nez Perce defeat the U.S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the Idaho Territory.
September 24 » The Battle of Shiroyama is a decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion.
November 29 » Thomas Edison demonstrates his phonograph for the first time.
Day of marriage December 18, 1895
The temperature on December 18, 1895 was about -0.5 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
January 5 » Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
March 22 » Before the Société pour L'Encouragement à l'Industrie, brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière demonstrate movie film technology publicly for the first time.
April 3 » The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
April 24 » Joshua Slocum, the first person to sail single-handedly around the world, sets sail from Boston, Massachusetts aboard the sloop "Spray".
October 4 » Horace Rawlins wins the first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship.
October 21 » The Republic of Formosa collapses as Japanese forces invade.
Day of death October 20, 1962
The temperature on October 20, 1962 was between 9.8 °C and 13.7 °C and averaged 11.6 °C. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 1 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
August 16 » Pete Best is discharged from The Beatles, to be replaced two days later by Ringo Starr.
August 27 » The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.
September 25 » The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government.
October 8 » Der Spiegel publishes an article disclosing the sorry state of the Bundeswehr, and is soon accused of treason.
November 20 » Cuban Missile Crisis ends: In response to the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its missiles from Cuba, U.S. President John F. Kennedy ends the quarantine of the Caribbean nation.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bob Smith, "Family tree Smith", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smith/I8703.php : accessed January 22, 2026), "Louise Landman (1877-1962)".
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