The temperature on August 8, 1843 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 11 » Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi alla prima crociata receives its first performance in Milan, Italy.
June 26 » Treaty of Nanking comes into effect, Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British "in perpetuity".
July 19 » Brunel's steamship the SSGreat Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
August 15 » The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu, Hawaii is dedicated. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
August 15 » Tivoli Gardens, one of the oldest still intact amusement parks in the world, opens in Copenhagen, Denmark.
October 1 » The News of the World tabloid begins publication in London, UK.
Day of marriage December 21, 1882
The temperature on December 21, 1882 was about 3.9 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 4 » Britain's first electric trams run in east London.
April 3 » American Old West: Robert Ford kills Jesse James.
July 26 » Premiere of Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal at Bayreuth.
August 20 » Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow, Russia.
September 5 » The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
September 5 » Tottenham Hotspur, a Premier League football club from North London, is founded (as Hotspur F.C.).
Day of death December 23, 1914
The temperature on December 23, 1914 was between -2.0 °C and 2.9 °C and averaged 0.4 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 2.6 hours of sunshine (34%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 1 » The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
August 3 » World War I: Germany declares war against France, while Romania declares its neutrality.
August 4 » In response to the German invasion of Belgium, Belgium and the British Empire declare war on Germany. The United States declares its neutrality.
August 26 » World War I: The German colony of Togoland surrenders to French and British forces after a 20-day campaign.
October 29 » Ottoman entry into World War I.
November 1 » World War I: The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) departed by ship in a single convoy from Albany, Western Australia bound for Egypt.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bob Smith, "Family tree Smith", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smith/I7.php : accessed February 20, 2026), "Cecilia G. Abels (1843-1914)".
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