The temperature on August 24, 1856 was about 14.5 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 77%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
May 21 » Lawrence, Kansas is captured and burned by pro-slavery forces.
May 24 » John Brown and his men kill five slavery supporters at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas.
June 8 » A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMSBounty, arrives at Norfolk Island, commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
October 8 » The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident.
November 27 » The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
December 9 » The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces.
Day of marriage November 9, 1885
The temperature on November 9, 1885 was about 5.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 81%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 3 » Sino-French War: Beginning of the Battle of Núi Bop
March 31 » The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate.
June 3 » In the last military engagement fought on Canadian soil, the Cree leader, Big Bear, escapes the North-West Mounted Police.
September 6 » Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria, thus accomplishing Bulgarian unification.
September 22 » Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to the Irish Home Rule movement.
September 29 » The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.
Day of death January 14, 1942
The temperature on January 14, 1942 was between -11.1 °C and -6.5 °C and averaged -8.6 °C. There was 1.2 hours of sunshine (15%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
February 19 » World War II: Nearly 250 Japanese warplanes attack the northern Australian city of Darwin, killing 243 people.
February 24 » An order-in-council passed under the Defence of Canada Regulations of the War Measures Act gives the Canadian federal government the power to intern all "persons of Japanese racial origin".
April 15 » The George Cross is awarded "to the island fortress of Malta" by King George VI.
June 8 » World War II: The Japanese imperial submarines I-21 and I-24 shell the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle.
September 9 » World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon.
September 26 » Holocaust: Senior SS official August Frank issues a memorandum detailing how Jews should be "evacuated".
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bob Smith, "Family tree Smith", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smith/I34052.php : accessed January 20, 2026), "Elisabeth Martherus (1856-1942)".
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