The temperature on December 6, 1868 was about 13.4 °C. There was 12 mm of rain. The air pressure was 31 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 3 » Meiji Restoration in Japan: The Tokugawa shogunate is abolished; agents of Satsuma and Chōshū seize power.
January 27 » Boshin War: The Battle of Toba–Fushimi begins, between forces of the Tokugawa shogunate and pro-Imperial factions; it will end in defeat for the shogunate, and is a pivotal point in the Meiji Restoration.
March 8 » Sakai incident: Japanese samurai kill 11 French sailors in the port of Sakai, Osaka.
April 11 » Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
July 25 » The Wyoming Territory is established.
September 19 » La Gloriosa begins in Spain.
Day of marriage December 31, 1889
The temperature on December 31, 1889 was about -2.7 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
January 15 » The Coca-Cola Company, then known as the Pemberton Medicine Company, is incorporated in Atlanta.
January 30 » Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Mayerling.
February 22 » President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
April 1 » The University of Northern Colorado was established, as the Colorado State Normal School.
June 26 » Bangui is founded by Albert Dolisie and Alfred Uzac in what was then the upper reaches of the French Congo.
August 4 » The Great Fire of Spokane, Washington destroys some 32 blocks of the city, prompting a mass rebuilding project.
Day of death August 31, 1944
The temperature on August 31, 1944 was between 10.9 °C and 19.9 °C and averaged 15.2 °C. There was 5.1 mm of rain during 1.2 hours. There was 4.7 hours of sunshine (34%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 17 » World War II: Allied forces launch the first of four assaults on Monte Cassino with the intention of breaking through the Winter Line and seizing Rome, an effort that would ultimately take four months and cost 105,000 Allied casualties.
April 25 » The United Negro College Fund is incorporated.
June 25 » World War II: The Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in the Nordic countries, begins.
August 10 » World War II: The Battle of Guam comes to an effective end.
September 4 » World War II: Finland exits from the war with Soviet Union.
September 28 » World War II: Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Estonia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bob Smith, "Family tree Smith", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smith/I17312.php : accessed January 25, 2026), "Alphiena/ Alphine/Kolmus/ Sasse Schmidgall (1868-1944)".
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