The temperature on September 3, 1861 was about 16.6 °C. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 9 » American Civil War: "Star of the West" incident occurs near Charleston, South Carolina.
August 5 » American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US$800; rescinded in 1872).
August 28 » American Civil War: Union forces attack Cape Hatteras, North Carolina in the Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries which lasts for two days.
October 24 » The first transcontinental telegraph line across the United States is completed.
November 7 » The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.
December 21 » Medal of Honor: Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valor, is signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln.
Day of death January 3, 1893
The temperature on January 3, 1893 was about -9.7 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
April 1 » The rank of Chief Petty Officer in the United States Navy is established.
June 20 » Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother.
June 22 » The Royal Navy battleship HMSCamperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMSVictoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
July 9 » Daniel Hale Williams, American heart surgeon, performs the first successful open-heart surgery in United States without anesthesia.
July 22 » Katharine Lee Bates writes "America the Beautiful" after admiring the view from the top of Pikes Peak near Colorado Springs, Colorado.
October 28 » Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 in B Minor, Pathétique receives its première performance only nine days before the composer's death.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Roelf Schrik, "Family tree Smeets", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smeets/I6232.php : accessed March 6, 2026), "Maria Gertrudis (Gertrud) Jetten (1861-1893)".
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