August 14 » The first claimed powered flight, by Gustave Whitehead in his Number 21.
August 21 » Six hundred American school teachers, Thomasites, arrived in Manila on the USAT Thomas.
August 28 » Silliman University is founded in the Philippines. It is the first American private school in the country.
September 17 » Second Boer War: Boers capture a squadron of the 17th Lancers at the Battle of Elands River.
November 18 » Britain and the United States sign the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, which nullifies the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty and withdraws British objections to an American-controlled canal in Panama.
Day of death March 31, 1931
The temperature on March 31, 1931 was between -4.0 °C and 7.2 °C and averaged 1.6 °C. There was 11.0 hours of sunshine (86%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 7 » Guy Menzies flies the first solo non-stop trans-Tasman flight (from Australia to New Zealand) in 11 hours and 45 minutes, crash-landing on New Zealand's west coast.
February 20 » The U.S. Congress approves the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.
March 5 » The British Raj: Gandhi–Irwin Pact is signed.
March 31 » A Transcontinental & Western Air airliner crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing eight, including University of Notre Dame head football coach Knute Rockne.
April 14 » The Spanish Cortes deposes King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the Second Spanish Republic.
May 29 » Michele Schirru, a citizen of the United States, is executed by Italian military firing squad for intent to kill Benito Mussolini.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Janna Schuring, "Family tree Schuring", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-schuring/I5697.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Geesje Gerrits Kramer (1901-1931)".
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