The temperature on March 3, 1857 was about 7.0 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 3 » Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.
May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
May 26 » Dred Scott is emancipated by the Blow family, his original owners.
June 26 » The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
September 22 » The Russian warship Lefort capsizes and sinks during a storm in the Gulf of Finland, killing all 826 aboard.
Day of marriage April 23, 1886
The temperature on April 23, 1886 was about 12.6 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 56%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 29 » Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.
February 23 » Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of aluminium from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister, Julia Brainerd Hall.
March 27 » Geronimo, Apache warrior, surrenders to the U.S. Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
April 8 » William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the British House of Commons.
July 3 » The New-York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
October 28 » President Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
Day of death March 8, 1934
The temperature on March 8, 1934 was between 0.9 °C and 8.8 °C and averaged 4.0 °C. There was 6.9 hours of sunshine (61%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 1 » A "Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring" comes into effect in Nazi Germany.
February 9 » The Balkan Entente is formed.
March 24 » United States Congress passes the Tydings-McDuffie Act, allowing the Philippines to become a self-governing commonwealth.
July 5 » "Bloody Thursday": Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
July 20 » Labor unrest in the U.S.: Police in Minneapolis fire upon striking truck drivers, during the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, killing two and wounding sixty-seven.
October 22 » In East Liverpool, Ohio, FBI agents shoot and kill notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd.
Day of burial March 13, 1934
The temperature on March 13, 1934 was between 2.9 °C and 8.8 °C and averaged 5.7 °C. There was 5.7 mm of rain during 3.1 hours. There was -0.1 hours of sunshine (0%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
February 2 » The Export-Import Bank of the United States is incorporated.
April 21 » The "Surgeon's Photograph", the most famous photo allegedly showing the Loch Ness Monster, is published in the Daily Mail (in 1999, it is revealed to be a hoax).
August 2 » Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg.
September 8 » Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SSMorro Castle kills 137 people.
November 11 » The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, Australia is opened.
December 11 » Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, takes his last drink and enters treatment for the final time.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Huub Schepers, "Family tree Schepers uit Stein (Lb)", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-schepers/I6029.php : accessed January 8, 2026), "Peter Joseph Laurens Ruijl (1857-1934)".
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