The temperature on February 5, 1857 was about -3.7 °C. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
May 10 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
June 1 » Charles Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal is published.
July 18 » Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
December 31 » Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, then a small logging town, as the capital of the Province of Canada.
Day of death June 13, 1921
The temperature on June 13, 1921 was between 10.7 °C and 16.5 °C and averaged 13.1 °C. There was 1.7 mm of rain. There was 0.7 hours of sunshine (4%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 20 » The British K-class submarine HMS K5 sinks in the English Channel; all 56 on board die.
March 6 » Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese Section of the Communist International.
May 31 » The Tulsa race massacre kills at least 39, but other estimates of black fatalities vary from 55 to about 300.
July 2 » World War I: U.S. President Warren G. Harding signs the Knox–Porter Resolution formally ending the war between the United States and Germany.
September 5 » Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle party in San Francisco ends with the death of the young actress Virginia Rappe: One of the first scandals of the Hollywood community.
October 29 » The Harvard University football team loses to Centre College, ending a 25-game winning streak. This is considered one of the biggest upsets in college football.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Bert Rutgrink, "Family tree Rutgrink", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-rutgrink/I159.php : accessed June 22, 2024), "Jan Knijn (1857-1921)".
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