The temperature on October 9, 1854 was about 16.8 °C. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
March 24 » President José Gregorio Monagas abolishes slavery in Venezuela.
May 30 » The Kansas–Nebraska Act becomes law establishing the US territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
June 10 » The United States Naval Academy graduates its first class of students.
October 6 » In England the Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead leads to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.
October 21 » Florence Nightingale and a staff of 38 nurses are sent to the Crimean War.
October 25 » The Battle of Balaclava takes place during the Crimean War. It is soon memorialized in verse as The Charge of the Light Brigade.
Day of marriage March 8, 1878
The temperature on March 8, 1878 was about 5.7 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. The air pressure was 37 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 28 » Yale Daily News becomes the first independent daily college newspaper in the United States.
February 21 » The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
June 4 » Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of death February 19, 1911
The temperature on February 19, 1911 was between 1.6 °C and 11.0 °C and averaged 6.3 °C. There was 11.4 mm of rain. There was 3.2 hours of sunshine (31%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Arnoud Rutgers van der Loeff, "Family tree Rutgers van der Loeff", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-rutgers-van-der-loeff/I3546.php : accessed May 26, 2024), "Saska Johanna Paulina Anna Elisabet Rutgers (1854-1911)".
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