The temperature on January 21, 1868 was about 4.3 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 80%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
March 23 » The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
July 9 » The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
September 25 » The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Nevsky is shipwrecked off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia.
November 3 » John Willis Menard (R-Louisiana) was the first African American elected to the United States Congress. Because of an electoral challenge, he was never seated.
November 4 » Camagüey, Cuba, revolts against Spain during the Ten Years' War.
December 25 » Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans.
Day of death April 19, 1871
The temperature on April 19, 1871 was about 17.0 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 17 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 70%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 22 » In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
April 1 » The 3rd Duke of Buckingham opened the Brill Tramway, a short railway line to transport goods between his lands and the national rail network.
May 21 » Opening of the first rack railway in Europe, the Rigi Bahnen on Mount Rigi.
August 29 » Emperor Meiji orders the abolition of the han system and the establishment of prefectures as local centers of administration. (Traditional Japanese date: July 14, 1871).
September 28 » The Brazilian Parliament passes a law that frees all children thereafter born to slaves, and all government-owned slaves.
December 26 » Thespis, the first Gilbert and Sullivan collaboration, debuts. It does modestly well, but the two would not collaborate again for four years and the score has been lost.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Alexander Roessen, "Family tree Roessen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-roessen/I11348.php : accessed January 17, 2026), "Helena Maria Kret (1868-1871)".
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