From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
April 6 » The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, later renamed Community of Christ, is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois.
May 5 » Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.
May 18 » Abraham Lincoln wins the Republican Party presidential nomination over William H. Seward, who later becomes the United States Secretary of State.
September 7 » Italian unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
September 8 » The steamship PSLady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 300 lives.
September 20 » The future King Edward VII of the United Kingdom begins the first visit to North America by a Prince of Wales.
Day of marriage May 23, 1891
The temperature on May 23, 1891 was about 10.7 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 21, 1888 to August 21, 1891 the cabinet Mackay, with Mr. A. baron Mackay (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
April 1 » The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
May 15 » Pope Leo XIII defends workers' rights and property rights in the encyclical Rerum novarum, the beginning of modern Catholic social teaching.
May 20 » History of cinema: The first public display of Thomas Edison's prototype kinetoscope.
July 26 » France annexes Tahiti.
August 18 » Major hurricane strikes Martinique, leaving 700 dead.
December 22 » Asteroid 323 Brucia becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography.
Day of death June 16, 1937
The temperature on June 16, 1937 was between 10.6 °C and 17.4 °C and averaged 13.9 °C. There was 3.6 hours of sunshine (22%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
March 18 » Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces defeat the Italians at the Battle of Guadalajara.
March 21 » Ponce massacre: Nineteen people in Ponce, Puerto Rico are gunned down by police acting on orders of the US-appointed Governor, Blanton C. Winship.
May 26 » Walter Reuther and members of the United Auto Workers (UAW) clashed with Ford Motor Company security guards at the River Rouge Complex complex in Dearborn, Michigan, during the Battle of the Overpass.
June 15 » A German expedition led by Karl Wien loses sixteen members in an avalanche on Nanga Parbat. It is the worst single disaster to occur on an 8000m peak.
September 25 » Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Eighth Route Army gains a minor, but morale-boosting victory in the Battle of Pingxingguan.
November 1 » Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: R. Ratsma, "Family tree diverse families", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-ratsma/I737.php : accessed March 10, 2026), "Jakob Ratsma (1860-1937)".
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