July 3 » A Spanish squadron, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, is defeated by an American squadron under William T. Sampson in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba.
July 8 » The death of crime boss Soapy Smith, killed in the Shootout on Juneau Wharf, releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip.
August 11 » Spanish–American War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
September 18 » The Fashoda Incident triggers the last war scare between Britain and France.
October 18 » The United States takes possession of Puerto Rico from Spain.
November 10 » Beginning of the Wilmington insurrection of 1898, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in United States history.
Day of death October 11, 1960
The temperature on October 11, 1960 was between 8.3 °C and 13.3 °C and averaged 10.6 °C. There was 27.1 mm of rain during 11.8 hours. There was 1.0 hours of sunshine (9%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
March 21 » Apartheid: Sharpeville massacre, South Africa: Police open fire on a group of black South African demonstrators, killing 69 and wounding 180.
May 16 » Theodore Maiman operates the first optical laser (a ruby laser), at Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California.
June 20 » The Mali Federation gains independence from France (it later splits into Mali and Senegal).
July 4 » Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Acts (United States)).
October 1 » Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom.
December 13 » While Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia visits Brazil, his Imperial Bodyguard seizes the capital and proclaims him deposed and his son, Crown Prince Asfa Wossen, Emperor.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik de Graaf, "Family tree Plugboer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-plugboer/I9334.php : accessed February 15, 2026), "Hendrika Jacoba Maria van Andel (1898-1960)".
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