The temperature on April 10, 1832 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: helder nevel winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 12 » Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
April 8 » Black Hawk War: Around three-hundred United States 6th Infantry troops leave St. Louis, Missouri to fight the Sauk Native Americans.
May 16 » Juan Godoy discovers the rich silver outcrops of Chañarcillo sparking the Chilean silver rush.
July 19 » The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
November 21 » Wabash College is founded in Crawfordsville, Indiana.
December 21 » Egyptian–Ottoman War: Egyptian forces decisively defeat Ottoman troops at the Battle of Konya.
Day of marriage December 31, 1865
The temperature on December 31, 1865 was about 6.3 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 31 » American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
February 1 » President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
April 9 » American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the war.
May 10 » American Civil War: In Kentucky, Union soldiers ambush and mortally wound Confederate raider William Quantrill, who lingers until his death on June 6.
July 30 » The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
December 24 » Jonathan Shank and Barry Ownby form The Ku Klux Klan.
Day of death March 14, 1895
The temperature on March 14, 1895 was about 2.1 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
January 5 » Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
January 12 » The National Trust is founded in the United Kingdom.
January 13 » First Italo-Ethiopian War: the war's opening battle, the Battle of Coatit, occurs; it is an Italian victory.
February 9 » William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which soon comes to be referred to as volleyball.
November 8 » While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.
November 28 » The first American automobile race takes place over the 54 miles from Chicago's Jackson Park to Evanston, Illinois. Frank Duryea wins in approximately 10 hours.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik de Graaf, "Family tree Plugboer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-plugboer/I3552.php : accessed March 11, 2026), "Jan Poppen (1832-1895)".
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