The temperature on December 25, 1850 was about 3.9 °C. There was 0.3 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 2 » Brigham Young declares war on Timpanogos in the Battle at Fort Utah.
March 5 » The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the island of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
April 4 » A large part of the English village of Cottenham burns to the ground in suspicious circumstances.
May 15 » The Arana–Southern Treaty is ratified, ending "the existing differences" between Great Britain and Argentina.
July 9 » Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.
September 9 » California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
Day of marriage November 13, 1875
The temperature on November 13, 1875 was about 5.4 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
January 5 » The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated in Paris.
March 15 » Archbishop of New York John McCloskey is named the first cardinal in the United States.
May 20 » Signing of the Metre Convention by 17 nations leading to the establishment of the International System of Units.
June 19 » The Herzegovinian rebellion against the Ottoman Empire begins.
September 3 » The first official game of polo is played in Argentina after being introduced by British ranchers.
October 16 » Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.
Day of death September 19, 1904
The temperature on September 19, 1904 was between 4.2 °C and 15.9 °C and averaged 10.1 °C. There was 11.2 hours of sunshine (90%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
January 8 » The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library system.
February 8 » Battle of Port Arthur: A surprise torpedo attack by the Japanese at Port Arthur, China starts the Russo-Japanese War.
April 8 » Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times.
May 5 » Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics at the Huntington Avenue Grounds, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball.
May 10 » The Horch & Cir. Motorwagenwerke AG is founded. It would eventually become the Audi company.
November 16 » English engineer John Ambrose Fleming receives a patent for the thermionic valve (vacuum tube).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik de Graaf, "Family tree Plugboer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-plugboer/I16929.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Antje Kamper (1850-1904)".
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