The temperature on May 4, 1850 was about 10.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 7 » Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech endorsing the Compromise of 1850 in order to prevent a possible civil war.
April 4 » A large part of the English village of Cottenham burns to the ground in suspicious circumstances.
July 9 » U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies after eating raw fruit and iced milk; he is succeeded in office by Vice President Millard Fillmore.
September 9 » The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
September 18 » The U.S. Congress passes the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
November 24 » Danish troops defeat a Schleswig-Holstein force in the town of Lottorf, Schleswig-Holstein.
Day of marriage May 16, 1878
The temperature on May 16, 1878 was about 13.6 °C. There was 5 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 19 » Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
March 24 » The British frigate HMSEurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
May 14 » The last witchcraft trial held in the United States begins in Salem, Massachusetts, after Lucretia Brown, an adherent of Christian Science, accused Daniel Spofford of attempting to harm her through his mental powers.
October 15 » The Edison Electric Light Company begins operation.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of death February 25, 1941
The temperature on February 25, 1941 was between -3.1 °C and 3.7 °C and averaged 0.1 °C. There was 2.6 hours of sunshine (25%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
February 23 » Plutonium is first produced and isolated by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg.
May 27 » World War II: The German battleshipBismarck is sunk in the North Atlantic killing almost 2,100 men.
June 26 » World War II: Soviet planes bomb Kassa, Hungary (now Košice, Slovakia), giving Hungary the impetus to declare war the next day.
September 3 » The Holocaust: Karl Fritzsch, deputy camp commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, experiments with the use of Zyklon B in the gassing of Soviet POWs.
September 20 » The Holocaust in Lithuania: Lithuanian Nazis and local police murder 403 Jews in Nemenčinė.
December 19 » World War II: Limpet mines placed by Italian divers heavily damage HMSValiant and HMSQueen Elizabeth in Alexandria harbour.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik de Graaf, "Family tree Plugboer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-plugboer/I16094.php : accessed February 5, 2026), "Franciska Smakman (1850-1941)".
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