The temperature on April 12, 1866 was about 11.1 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 30 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 78%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
May 2 » Peruvian defenders fight off the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Callao.
May 16 » The United States Congress establishes the nickel.
June 3 » The Fenians are driven out of Fort Erie, Ontario back into the United States.
July 27 » The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
August 20 » President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.
August 23 » Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague.
Day of death February 18, 1908
The temperature on February 18, 1908 was between 3.4 °C and 7.2 °C and averaged 5.2 °C. There was 2.6 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
January 21 » New York City passes the Sullivan Ordinance, making it illegal for women to smoke in public, only to have the measure vetoed by the mayor.
January 28 » Members of the Portuguese Republican Party fail in their attempted coup d'état against the administrative dictatorship of Prime Minister João Franco.
June 18 » Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship Kasato-Maru.
June 18 » The University of the Philippines is established.
August 8 » Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It is the Wright Brothers' first public flight.
October 13 » Margaret Travers Symons bursts into the UK parliament and became the first woman to speak there.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: John Pieper, "Family tree Pieper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-pieper/I28.php : accessed March 1, 2026), "Gradus Sprakel (1841-1908)".
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