The temperature on April 12, 1866 was about 11.1 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 30 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 78%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
April 4 » Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Dmitry Karakozov in the city of Saint Petersburg.
May 16 » The United States Congress establishes the nickel.
June 3 » The Fenians are driven out of Fort Erie, Ontario back into the United States.
June 7 » One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Canada East.
July 25 » The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
July 30 » Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100.
Day of death February 18, 1908
The temperature on February 18, 1908 was between 3.4 °C and 7.2 °C and averaged 5.2 °C. There was 2.6 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
January 24 » The first Boy Scout troop is organized in England by Robert Baden-Powell.
April 16 » Natural Bridges National Monument is established in Utah.
July 26 » United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation).
October 6 » The Bosnian crisis erupts when Austria-Hungary formally annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
November 28 » A mine explosion in Marianna, Pennsylvania, kills 154 men, leaving only one survivor.
December 28 » The 7.1 Mw Messina earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 75,000 and 200,000.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: John Pieper, "Family tree Pieper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-pieper/I28.php : accessed January 7, 2026), "Gradus Sprakel (1841-1908)".
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