The temperature on August 1, 1861 was about 18.7 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 73%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 10 » American Civil War: Florida becomes the third state to secede from the Union.
May 13 » American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the Confederacy as having belligerent rights.
May 24 » American Civil War: Union troops occupy Alexandria, Virginia.
August 5 » The United States Army abolishes flogging.
August 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek: A mixed force of Confederate, Missouri State Guard, and Arkansas State troops defeat outnumbered attacking Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
November 7 » The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.
Day of marriage July 20, 1883
The temperature on July 20, 1883 was about 13.5 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 73%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 16 » The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress.
March 20 » The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.
May 30 » In New York City, a stampede on the recently opened Brooklyn Bridge killed twelve people.
August 27 » Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.
October 4 » First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland.
October 22 » The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust.
Day of death July 20, 1935
The temperature on July 20, 1935 was between 12.7 °C and 19.3 °C and averaged 15.8 °C. There was 7.2 mm of rain during 2.4 hours. There was 0.7 hours of sunshine (4%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
February 12 » USSMacon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.
June 11 » Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States at Alpine, New Jersey.
July 1 » Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek.
October 20 » The Long March, a mammoth retreat undertaken by the armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party a year prior, ends.
November 24 » The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its second congress.
December 9 » Student protests in Beiping (now Beijing)'s Tiananmen Square, dispersed by government.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: John Pieper, "Family tree Pieper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-pieper/I192.php : accessed March 13, 2026), "Hermannus Pieper (1861-1935)".
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