The temperature on March 4, 1838 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-southeast. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
January 26 » Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States.
February 17 » Weenen massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal are killed by Zulus.
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
July 15 » Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
October 5 » The Killough massacre in east Texas sees eighteen Texian settlers either killed or kidnapped.
Day of marriage February 13, 1867
The temperature on February 13, 1867 was about 9.7 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
February 28 » Seventy years of Holy See–United States relations are ended by a Congressional ban on federal funding of diplomatic envoys to the Vatican and are not restored until January 10, 1984.
March 29 » Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes Canada on July 1.
April 1 » Singapore becomes a British crown colony.
May 3 » The Hudson's Bay Company gives up all claims to Vancouver Island.
November 3 » Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).
December 2 » At Tremont Temple in Boston, British author Charles Dickens gives his first public reading in the United States.
Day of death May 21, 1890
The temperature on May 21, 1890 was about 15.1 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 78%. Source: KNMI
January 1 » Eritrea is consolidated into a colony by the Italian government.
January 22 » The United Mine Workers of America is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
March 4 » The longest bridge in Great Britain, the Forth Bridge in Scotland, measuring 1,710 feet (520m) long, is opened by the Duke of Rothesay, later King Edward VII.
April 7 » Completion of the first Lake Biwa Canal.
April 14 » The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C.
December 29 » Wounded Knee Massacre on Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, 300 Lakota are killed by the United States 7th Cavalry Regiment.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ria Philips, "Family tree Philips", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-philips/I4673.php : accessed January 29, 2026), "Jacob Martinus Koopman (1838-1890)".
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