The temperature on September 7, 1801 was about 18.0 °C. There was 110 mm of rainWind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 17 » An electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr is resolved when Jefferson is elected President of the United States and Burr, Vice President by the United States House of Representatives.
March 28 » Treaty of Florence is signed, ending the war between the French Republic and the Kingdom of Naples.
May 10 » First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America.
July 11 » French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons makes his first comet discovery. In the next 27 years he discovers another 36 comets, more than any other person in history.
July 12 » British ships inflict heavy damage on Spanish and French ships in the Second Battle of Algeciras.
August 1 » First Barbary War: The American schooner USSEnterprise captures the Tripolitan polacca Tripoli in a single-ship action off the coast of modern-day Libya.
Day of death April 15, 1868
The temperature on April 15, 1868 was about 11.3 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 56%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
March 23 » The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
June 1 » The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing the Navajo to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.
September 19 » La Gloriosa begins in Spain.
October 7 » Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
November 2 » Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
November 3 » John Willis Menard (R-Louisiana) was the first African American elected to the United States Congress. Because of an electoral challenge, he was never seated.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Henk Panjer, "Family tree Panjer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-panjer/I278.php : accessed March 11, 2026), "Jacobus Leenders Spreeuwers (1801-1868)".
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