The temperature on October 24, 1865 was about 11.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 3 » Opening of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the founding member of the HSBC Group.
March 18 » American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time.
April 1 » American Civil War: Union troops led by Philip Sheridan decisively defeat Confederate troops led by George Pickett, cutting the Army of Northern Virginia's last supply line.
April 20 » Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion.
June 19 » Over two years after the Emancipation Proclamation, slaves in Galveston, Texas, United States, are finally informed of their freedom. The anniversary is still officially celebrated in Texas and 41 other contiguous states as Juneteenth.
July 27 » Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
Day of marriage July 13, 1887
The temperature on July 13, 1887 was about 30.8 °C. The air pressure was 50 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 32%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 8 » The Dawes Act authorizes the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into individual allotments.
February 23 » The French Riviera is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000.
July 6 » David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king's authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
July 26 » Publication of the Unua Libro, founding the Esperanto movement.
September 5 » A fire at the Theatre Royal, Exeter, kills 186.
October 1 » Balochistan is conquered by the British Empire.
Day of death November 19, 1945
The temperature on November 19, 1945 was between 0.8 °C and 7.9 °C and averaged 4.3 °C. There was 5.6 hours of sunshine (65%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-southeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 23, 1945 to June 24, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy III, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
January 12 » World War II: The Red Army begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive.
January 31 » US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.
April 18 » Over 1,000 bombers attack the small island of Heligoland, Germany.
May 1 » World War II: Forces of the Soviet Red Army liberate Allied prisoners of war imprisoned at Stalag Luft I near Barth, Germany.
May 2 » World War II: A death march from Dachau to the Austrian border is halted by the segregated, all-Nisei 522nd Field Artillery Battalion of the U.S. Army in southern Bavaria, saving several hundred prisoners.
September 30 » The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Elviera Ooms - Ringeling, "Family tree Ooms-Ringeling en verwanten", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-ooms-ringeling/I9041.php : accessed August 7, 2025), "gerardina van markesteijn (1865-1945)".
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