The temperature on June 1, 1878 was about 8.7 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 4 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule and designated the capital of Liberated Bulgaria.
January 9 » Umberto I becomes King of Italy.
May 14 » The last witchcraft trial held in the United States begins in Salem, Massachusetts, after Lucretia Brown, an adherent of Christian Science, accused Daniel Spofford of attempting to harm her through his mental powers.
June 15 » Eadweard Muybridge takes a series of photographs to prove that all four feet of a horse leave the ground when it runs; the study becomes the basis of motion pictures.
July 1 » Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
Day of death August 22, 1963
The temperature on August 22, 1963 was between 13.1 °C and 15.6 °C and averaged 14.2 °C. There was 0.7 mm of rain during 1.2 hours. There was 0.5 hours of sunshine (3%). The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 2 » Vietnam War: The Viet Cong wins its first major victory, at the Battle of Ap Bac.
June 11 » Buddhist monk Thích Quảng Đức burns himself with gasoline in a busy Saigon intersection to protest the lack of religious freedom in South Vietnam.
August 8 » Great Train Robbery: In England, a gang of 15 train robbers steal £2.6million in bank notes.
August 18 » Civil rights movement: James Meredith becomes the first African American to graduate from the University of Mississippi.
August 28 » March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. gives his I Have a Dream speech.
September 4 » Swissair Flight 306 crashes near Dürrenäsch, Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hildo Onstenk, "Family tree Onstenk", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-onstenk/I2139.php : accessed January 15, 2026), "Elisabeth Maria Helena Helvensteijn (1878-1963)".
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