De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 20 » Hong Kong Island is occupied by the British.
January 26 » James Bremer takes formal possession of Hong Kong Island at what is now Possession Point, establishing British Hong Kong.
March 30 » The National Bank of Greece is founded in Athens.
July 18 » Coronation of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.
September 24 » The Sultanate of Brunei cedes Sarawak to the United Kingdom.
October 16 » Queen's University is founded in the Province of Canada.
Day of marriage July 13, 1865
The temperature on July 13, 1865 was about 17.5 °C. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 31 » American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
March 16 » American Civil War: The Battle of Averasborough began as Confederate forces suffer irreplaceable casualties in the final months of the war.
May 12 » American Civil War: The Battle of Palmito Ranch: The first day of the last major land action to take place during the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory.
May 13 » American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch: In far south Texas, the last land battle of the Civil War ends with a Confederate victory.
December 17 » First performance of the Unfinished Symphony by Franz Schubert.
December 18 » US Secretary of State William Seward proclaims the adoption of the Thirteenth Amendment, prohibiting slavery throughout the USA.
Day of death October 28, 1911
The temperature on October 28, 1911 was between 2.2 °C and 9.7 °C and averaged 6.7 °C. There was 1.5 mm of rain. There was 3.9 hours of sunshine (39%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
January 30 » The destroyer USSTerry makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy ten miles from Havana, Cuba.
April 6 » During the Battle of Deçiq, Dedë Gjon Luli Dedvukaj, leader of the Malësori Albanians, raises the Albanian flag in the town of Tuzi, Montenegro, for the first time after George Kastrioti (Skanderbeg).
May 21 » President of Mexico Porfirio Díaz and the revolutionary Francisco Madero sign the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez to put an end to the fighting between the forces of both men, concluding the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution.
July 4 » A massive heat wave strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities.
November 3 » Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
December 14 » Roald Amundsen's team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ted Olde Scheper, "Family tree Olde Scheper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-olde-scheper/I258.php : accessed February 28, 2026), "Gerritdina (Berendina) "Berendina" Kolner (1841-1911)".
Copy warning
Genealogical publications are copyright protected. Although data is often retrieved from public archives, the searching, interpreting, collecting, selecting and sorting of the data results in a unique product. Copyright protected work may not simply be copied or republished.
Please stick to the following rules
Request permission to copy data or at least inform the author, chances are that the author gives permission, often the contact also leads to more exchange of data.
Do not use this data until you have checked it, preferably at the source (the archives).
State from whom you have copied the data and ideally also his/her original source.