The temperature on September 16, 1830 was about 20.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
March 10 » The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.
May 3 » The Canterbury and Whitstable Railway is opened; it is the first steam-hauled passenger railway to issue season tickets and include a tunnel.
May 13 » Ecuador gains its independence from Gran Colombia.
June 14 » Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at Sidi Fredj.
June 26 » William IV becomes king of Britain and Hanover.
November 29 » November Uprising: An armed rebellion against Russia's rule in Poland begins.
Day of marriage June 4, 1873
The temperature on June 4, 1873 was about 26.3 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 50%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
January 17 » A group of Modoc warriors defeats the United States Army in the First Battle of the Stronghold, part of the Modoc War.
March 22 » The Spanish National Assembly abolishes slavery in Puerto Rico.
April 4 » The Kennel Club is founded, the oldest and first official registry of purebred dogs in the world.
August 2 » The Clay Street Hill Railroad begins operating the first cable car in San Francisco's famous cable car system.
August 4 » American Indian Wars: While protecting a railroad survey party in Montana, the United States 7th Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer clashes for the first time with the Cheyenne and Lakota people near the Tongue River; only one man on each side is killed.
October 9 » A meeting at the U.S. Naval Academy establishes the U.S. Naval Institute.
Day of death March 15, 1878
The temperature on March 15, 1878 was about 3.3 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 19 » Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
February 22 » In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
June 4 » Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
June 10 » League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
October 22 » The Bramall Lane stadium sees the first rugby match played under floodlights.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jean Nicolai, "Family tree Nicolai-Kolb", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-nicolai-kolb/I40862468.php : accessed June 7, 2024), "Alphonse - Bonaventura Wilhelmus Maria Alphonsus ROELANTS (1830-1878)".
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