stamboom Mondria » Berend Scholten (1826-1886)

Day of marriage September 3, 1859

• The temperature on September 3, 1859 was about 17.0 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
• In the year 1859: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 24 » The United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (later named Romania) is formed as a personal union under the rule of Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
  • February 5 » Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Prince of Moldavia, is also elected as prince of Wallachia, joining the two principalities as a personal union called the United Principalities, an autonomous region within the Ottoman Empire, which ushered the birth of the modern Romanian state.
  • February 14 » Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.
  • May 4 » The Cornwall Railway opens across the Royal Albert Bridge linking Devon and Cornwall in England.
  • June 24 » Battle of Solferino (Battle of the Three Sovereigns): Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy.
  • July 30 » First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps.

Day of death July 21, 1886

• The temperature on July 21, 1886 was about 21.3 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
• In the year 1886: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.5 million citizens.
  • February 23 » Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of aluminium from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister, Julia Brainerd Hall.
  • May 1 » Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
  • June 30 » The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal, Quebec. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
  • September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
  • November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
  • November 27 » German judge Emil Hartwich sustains fatal injuries in a duel, which would become the background for Theodor Fontane's Effi Briest.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1868 » William Bland, Australian surgeon and politician (b. 1789)
• 1878 » Sam Bass, American outlaw (b. 1851)
• 1880 » Hiram Walden, American general and politician (b. 1800)
• 1889 » Nelson Dewey, American lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1813)
• 1899 » Robert G. Ingersoll, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1833)
• 1920 » Fiammetta Wilson, English astronomer and educator (b. 1864)